Sap Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sap - Essay Example These posting keys are also crucial in controlling entries to be made in the line items. A statistical key figure is utilized in allocating internal costs between different cost centers that utilize services related to other cost centers (Padhi, 168). In this case, statistical key figures can be machine hour or the head count of any cost center. During the processing of a sales order, SAP R/3 utilizes a system of allocating prices to materials and products known as the condition technique. In allocating costs, there are three distinct methods utilized under SAP. The assessment method transfers primary and secondary costs from the dispatching cost center to the receiving control object. During utilization of this method, various business processes and cost centers can take the place of the sender, whereas a cost object, internal order or a cost center are the receivers of the assessment. The user can restrict the number of receiver categories through customization, where both the prim ary and secondary postings are allocated at the end of each period through utilization of user defined keys (Padhi, 175). With the distribution method, primary costs are transferred to receiving controlling objects form the sender cost center. In this method, the sender is restricted to cost centers and business processes only. The receiver can be an internal order, cost center or a business process. Primary postings are collected an each cost center and allocated through use of the user defined key at the end of each period. Under this method, distribution is restricted to primary costs, whereas the original cost elements remain unchanged. However, reversal of distributions is possible (Padhi, 180). Qn.2 CO documents are those controlling documents available to the company and are generated by the SAP system. These documents are mostly used for control purposes by the management. These documents include invoices and memos for utilization by customers and vendors. Included in this l ist are vendor and customer payment as well as general document whose transactions are posted in the general ledger account (Periodic Reposting). Financial accounting (FI) deals with analyzing finances available to the business and presenting the analysis in a balance sheet and income statement among other financial statements. In financial accounting, memos and invoices are classified as source documents. These source documents are utilized in preparation of income statements and balance sheet at the end of a financial year (Principles of accounting.com). CO documents are not the original documents but are utilized a source documents since they display a complete original document so long as proper accounting entries are made. These documents can be relied on since in case of a defective line item, the use can trigger corrective postings from the report or document generated. Source documents are mostly utilized by those businesses that do not maintain complete records for their tr ansactions. In preparation of financial statements of a business that maintains incomplete records, the accountant starts by making adjusting entries on trail balance and journal entries in the general ledger. There is need for the user to make adjusting entries before

Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Healthcare - Essay Example In most cases, long-term care offers services to the older population since in most hospitals around the world they are the majority who stays longer in hospitals. The most common forms of long-term care are formal, and informal. Patients acquire these services either in hospitals or in their houses. With much changes taking place in long-term care services, administrators face tougher challenges that requires them to bring fresh skills to their jobs. Short-term care services are those that patients are given for a short period. They cover a wide range of services that help individuals, and their families to acquire convenient emergency care from the comfort of their homes. Sometimes elderly patients receive health care services from houses that are comfortable fully furnished. This is different in comparison to long-term care, which mainly takes place in hospitals (Kovner, 2009). The administrative concerns that one would have as a manager are such as the meals that the patients will be taking, the cleanliness of their rooms, and supervising how the service providers handle the patients. It is good to recommend the executives to improve more on their managerial skills and that of customer relationship management since this will help them know how to deal with both their patients, and employees. The recommendation for the team is to work towards offering care facilities in the hospitals. Nova Scotia. (2007). Dispute resolution in healthcare and community services collective bargaining (including acute, long term, and continuing care as well as ambulance services): Discussion paper. Halifax, N.S.: Nova Scotia, Environment, and

Bill Sackter and Barry Morrow

Bill Sackter and Barry Morrow The Rain Man Effect Bill Sackter was the subject of two television movies that helped change national attitudes on persons with disabilities. Bill was born in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1913. He was the son of Sam and Mary Sackter, Russian Jewish immigrants who ran a grocery store. In 1920, his father died of a heart attack at age 35 when Bill was 7 years old. Bill did badly in school. The principal insisted that Bill was feebleminded, and that there was no place for him in the public school system. The State of Minnesota determined that he would be a burden on society so he was placed in the Faribault State School for the Feeble-Minded and Epileptic. He remained there for the next 44 years, never saw his mother or two older sisters again. Bill wasnt autistic. He was opposite: a born people-pleaser who said hello to strangers in the street. At the Faribault, they hadnt tested his IQ until he had already been there for thirteen years. He was never taught to read or write or even how to tell the time. In 1964, in the new waves of reform, Bill was moved to a halfway house and worked odd jobs to support himself. He became a handyman at a country club where Barry Morrow, a filmmaker, and his wife befriended him. Morrow made life a bit more comfortable for Bill and became his guardian. When he took a post at the University of Iowa, Bill followed him to Iowa City, and became the sole proprietor of Wild Bills Coffee Shop on the campus, in which he excelled. In 1978, Bill was named Handicapped Iowan of the Year, and President Jimmy Carter invited him to the White House. In 1980, Morrow produced a made-for-TV movie based on the story of Bills journey to independence. The film won an Emmy award, a Peabody, and two Golden Globes. Two years later, Morrow made a sequel, Bill:On His Own. Bill died in his sleep on June 16, 1983. What Bill taught me, Morrow says, is that not only people like Bill need society, society needs people like Bill. *** As he pursued his career in Hollywood, Morrow became active in advocacy organizations like the Arc, the network of parents and disabled adults. In 1984, at an Arc conference in Arlington, Texas, he met Kim Peck, a savant who had exceptional memories, but experienced social difficulties. By eighteen months, Peck was memorizing every book his parents read to him. He mastered the standard high school curriculum with the help of tutors by the time he was fourteen. Taking a job in a sheltered workshop for disabled people, he performed complex payroll calculations without the uss of an adding machine. Yet he could not dress himself or attend to many of his basic needs without help. After seeing the Bill films, Peeks father, who was the communications director for the Arc, invited Morrow to Arlington to enlist him in raising public awareness of intellectual disability.ÂÂ   The result of the meeting was the 1988 movie Rain Man. Morrows original conception for the character of Raymond Babbitt was part Peek and part Bill. He had never even heard the word autism when he wrote the first draft of Rain Man. Dustin Hoffman was instrumental to make the character of Raymond autistic rather than just intellectually disabled. Gail Mutrux, Hoffmans associate producer had mentioned to a psychotherapist named Bruce Gainsley that she needed to find out more about the savant syndrome. Gainsley referred her to two psychologists who agreed to read Morrows script and offer feedback. One of the psychologist is Bernie Rimland, who suggested that possibility of an autistic savant. Rimland felt that the eccentricity of autism would make the film far more interesting. Rimland also put Mutrux in touch with several parents in his network, including Ruth Christ Sullivan. At the end, Raymond was a composite of Joe Sullivan and an autistic young man in New Jersey called Peter Guthrie. Rain Man opened in 1988 and won several Academy Awards. The film was nominated two Golden Globes and a Peoples Choice award. Rain Man has introduced a common but mistaken media stereotype that people on the autism spectrum typically have savant skills. But it has also dispelled several misconceptions about autism and increased public awareness of the failure of many agencies to accommodate autistic people.

Ghost Story of the New Jersey Devil Essay -- Ghost Stories Urban Legen

The New Jersey Devil The Legend of the Jersey Devil is the most prominent legend that is told to citizens of New Jersey; it is mainly told to elementary school aged children. There are a variety of settings that the story has; however, the most common location that is used when retelling the tale is Leeds Point, NJ, which is in the Pine Barrens region of the state. This tale of the Jersey Devil recounts the existence of a supernatural creature that is said to have terrorized the New Jersey Pine Barrens and surrounding areas for the last 260 years. The teller of this version of the legend is a Caucasian female who is eighteen years of age and attends the University of Maryland. She comes from a middle class family and believes in the Christian faith. As a New Jersey native, this young woman was originally told this story when she was a child in school. She admits that as a child, she believed the tale as true; however, at this age, she no longer believes in the existence of the New Jersey Devil. Wh ile on the way to class, we discussed New Jersey’s most famous legend, and she was able to recount the tale: Well about three hundred years ago, there was a woman by the name of Mrs. Shrouds. She lived in the New Jersey Pine Barrens with her family. Times were hard for her, and she couldn’t deal with having such a big family. Since she was so angry about her children and having to grow and cook food for them, she said, ‘If I have another child, I want it to be the devil.’ Well, then she got pregnant†¦ again, and she had her thirteenth child. The child was born deformed and actually looked like a devil. It had horns and wings and everything. Because of its deformity, Mrs. Shrouds kept her child locked in the basement so t... ...exemplifies the belief of society that witches can only be allied with the sin and malevolence. In addition, the Jersey Devil is used as a scapegoat; it is to blame when farm animals are missing or crops are destroyed. The story telling abilities of the young woman recounting the tale of the Jersey Devil showed its currency as well as the storytellers skepticism. She told it as if the story was common knowledge, performing the tale somewhat matter-of-factly. This tone of voice made the legend seem less of a supernatural occurrence. Consequently, it became obvious that the teller had little belief in the story, for she minimized the mystical elements. She did incorporate a few pauses in her speech in an attempt to make the story slightly suspenseful. Works Cited Juliano, David. â€Å"The Jersey Devil 4 x 4.† http://www.the-jersey-devil.com/devilstory.html

Neither Black Nor White

When focusing on racial identity, the use of appearances as signifiers of group membership is not always clear cut.   This relationship between appearances and individual identity choice becomes even more complex when we examine bi-racial identity.   Research on bi-racial identity has often cited the reactions of whites to bi-racial individuals, but with Joseph E. Holloway’s novel Neither Black Nor White the politics of shin color among African Americans are look at.   His novel is an historical account of the Hadnot family whose migration from Gloucester England in 1585 to New Orleans describes a family that were never slaves, but owners of slaves.   They never thought of themselves as whites or as blacks, one parent that was white and one black to create a whole new identity. It is clear that there is only speculation as to the relationship between appearance and racial identity among bi-racial individuals.   There has been little to no theoretical development on this relationship.   One important distinction is that color is both a personal and a social characteristic.   That is one who perceives their skin color and one that interprets their appearance through the eyes of others within any given interactional sphere. Such as the Hadnot family, they interpreted their sense of belonging within their family structure.   It would be difficult for a person to choose an exclusively Black or exclusively White identity if their physical appearances do not match their chosen identity.   In the end literature on the appearance identity link is sparse and seriously underdeveloped. There is a love and hate relationship with this group on the one drop rule with skin color.   The argument is that a three leveled society existed in the South with the following hierarchy from highest to lowest status.   White, Mulattos, and Blacks, mixed race individuals often served as a buffer group between Whites and Blacks through which cross color interactions and business transactions could happen. This situation caused a preferential treatment of Mulattos by Whites and a generational advantage for Mulattos. Perhaps this was true for the Hadnot family in England but there were problems they had to face in New Orleans.   The foundation for a social and cultural system of color classisms within Black America was laid.   The author provided strong evidence that those members of the community with the lightest skin color and the most Caucasian looking features have been allowed the greatest freedoms and achieved at higher rates. There is argument that goes further to display the ways that darker-skinned members of the Black community discriminate against mixed-race individuals in the workplace, how patterns of dating with the community are tangled up with phenotype, how networks are constructed or dismantled on the basis of color classism and how culturally, Blacks use unique cultural coding, such as hair or first names, to distinguish between those who are black and those who are not. This is so because a bi-racial individual’s understanding of their own appearance seems to be rooted in others perceptions and assumptions of appearance and its link with identity. Appearance is distinctly more social than phenotypes because it is created by the bi-racial individual’s understanding of their skin color as conditioned through the judgments of others in interactions.   So we expect that it is appearance, not skin color, which will influence the racial identification of bi-racial, and that skin color works through one’s appearance to affect identity.   Mutual identification is critical to both identity construction and maintenance.   If an individual exists within a social context where bi-racial has a meaningful existence, then they may cultivate a border identity. If this cultural category does not exist and one becomes accustomed to and adept at switching from Black to White they will cultivate a protean identity, I think was evident in the novel Neither Black Nor White.   If their appearance is White then members may develop a transcendent identity, but only if their social context does not demand categorization.   If none of these options are available to an individual then the existing cultural norms dictate the racial identity above and beyond their appearance. Reading the novel and researching the meaning of the novel, colorism.   I love history and this historical novel put into perspective an issue I really had never thought of.   It gave the reader a good sense of what it was like being in limbo with your identity.   I was impressed with the research that went into writing this historical novel and with the detail to genealogy.   I recommend this book for all undergraduates to help understand racism and all of its hidden secrets. Reference: Davis, F.J. (1991)   Who is Black? One Nations Definition.   University Park, P.A.:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pennsylvania State University Press. Holloway, J.E. (2006)   Neither Black Nor White.   C.A.: New World African Press.

Business communications

I will be explaining the legal and ethical Issues that relate to the use of business information. I personally think that legal and ethical issues are usually to do with something that involves people having to abide to a law, in most cases there will be a consequence for not abiding with the law. Most businesses have different information about people working for them, that's when the Data Protection Act 1998 protects the Information held about people being misused.The information usually n the companys database must be: obtained fairly and lawfully, only to be used for the purposes stated during collection, adequate relevant and not excessive in relation to the intended use, accurate and up to date, not kept for longer than necessary, proceed in line with your rights and also protected from transfer to an area outside the European Economic Area unless adequate protection exists for that data in the area. There is also Freedom of Information Act 2000 (that came to effect in 2005) th is Includes Right of access to information held by public authorities.This Is when a person request Information to public authority, the authority has to be informed in writing by the public authority whether it holds information of the description specified in the request, and if that is the case, to have that information communicated back to them The Computer Misuse Act 1990 it is a law that does not allow certain activities when using computers, this include: hacking into other people's systems, misusing software or helping a person to gain access to protected files on someone's else's computer.There are also ethical Issues that are dealt with using organisational pollcles and codes of practise such as: use of email, internet and whistle blowing. These go under business ethics meaning moral principles concerning acceptable and unacceptable behaviour by business. Whistle blowing is also one of the ethical issues users can use and relate to. This is when an employee raises a concer n about a business practise either to management within the company or to an outside organisation like the press.Operational Issues In relation to the use of business Information, Including security of Information, backups, health and safety, business continuance plans and costs. Organisations have to store and manage countless pieces of information with some being far more important than others. To make sure that information is managed appropriately, a number of policies and procedures have to be put in place, concerning; security of information, backups, health and safety, organisational pollcles and business continuance plans and cost. ailable as and when they need it, in order to make good business decisions. Information security management deals with maintaining the integrity and availability of organisational information and knowledge. Backups is also one of the operation issues as most businesses have developed programs constantly to try to minimise the risk of losing vital i nformation stored on IT servers. This involves producing backups of information stored on the servers. Some companies back up constantly and some less frequently.Health and safety is also one of operational system and so are business continuance plans and costs. Business continuance plans are the steps that a company puts into place to make sure it is capable of surviving a worst-case scenario. M2 Legal issues are the laws raised by different companies so that users or customers will be aware of them. Ethical issues involve right and wrong or what is considered good, and what is considered evil in a society. Legal and ethical issues for businesses are usually different from business to business.