Coal Industry in Wales between 1945 - 1985 Essay

Coal Industry in Wales between 1945 - 1985 - Essay Example Wales, as a nation, has largely been built around welsh language, and partly on collective identity by virtue of the coalfield communities. In the Wales, the labor party was held in reverence, owing to political and cultural references to coal. During the 1984-1985, the coal mine workers went on strike, following a change of government by Margaret Thatcher. The conservative party, unlike the labor party that was more concerned with the welfare of the mine workers and wealth distribution, was more concerned with free trade (Gildart 2001). This move was also not popular with both the national union of mineworkers (NUM) and the national coal board (NCB) that was recording losses. Market fluctuations, labor intensity, geographic concentration, distinctive structure and nature of the coal mining industry are some of the features that characterized this industry in the United Kingdom during the twentieth century (Davis 2006). The coalfields were so dependent on a limited economic activities range that once there was a decline in the market for coal, there occurred a widespread social distress, unemployment, and bitter disputes in industrial relations. As such, coal mining has served as an example to a number of social, economic and political issues in the history of modern Britain. State of the industry before 1945 During the industrial revolution, coal mining evolved into a large scale affair, as it was the primary source of energy for transportation and industries during the period between the eighteenth century and the 1950s. Compared to other sources of energy such as electricity, coal is steal abundant and of a lower cost. However, the discovery and mining of coal in other areas such as the United States led to a significant drop in the demand for coal from the Wales on a global scale. Additionally, oils and other associated fuels were now gaining popularity as an alternative source of energy (Davis 2006). By the late twentieth century, coal was rapidly being replaced as a source of energy in the transportation and industrial sectors, as well as at the domestic level. During the twentieth century, there was an increase in both output and manpower, and this ensured that Wales had its peak coal production. In 1913, Wales produced about 57 million tons of coal in 620 mines that employed 232,000 men. By 1913, Britain had over 2,500 mines. These were producing in excess of 290 million tones of coal (Davis 2006). Of these, 30 percent was meant for export. By 1938, just prior to the Second World War, the number of mines had reduced to 1,900, and the output plummeted to 230 million tones. Export was just over 50 million tones. This notwithstanding, the scale of the industry was still considered to be very large. By 1913, South Wales produced about 20 percent of all the coal in the United Kingdom (Gildart 2001). This came from coalfields in Durham/Northumberland, and Yorkshire and Scotland. The counties and towns where these mines were located became home to thousands of mines workers. By 1921, almost half of all the adult male workers found in Glamorgan happened to be coal miners. Following the end of the First World War

Data Paper part I Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Data part I - Research Paper Example The system links all essentials services provided by the facility. It forms the basis for data collection and retrieval during consultation. It also keeps track of medicine dispensed to each patient. In addition, it provides a status report of the pharmacy stock levels, pending deliveries, and special inquires. These functions are a part of a complex system that ensures the efficient delivery of services by the healthcare facility. The Enterprise system implemented at the facility serves as the nerve system for all IT based operations at the health facility. These services provide the backbone for efficient operations at the facility. They provide support for all workers at the hospital by providing database and query functions, decision support, and archiving (Burke, 2010). The healthcare facility identified two objectives to drive the implementation of the Enterprise System. The first objective was the improvement of organizational efficiency by leveraging on standardized methods supported by an IT framework. The second objective was to cut back on operational costs associated with the manual systems that were in place previously. The level of the system is enterprise wide. It links all departments and functions at the hospital. When compared to specialized systems such as Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Enterprise Systems link all activities undertaken in a facility. They provide appropriate gateways for all users to access and use information they need that is available in the system. The major applications of the system at the healthcare facility are that it allows different workers to develop its database by logging in patient details, treatment regimes, stock maintenance, and archiving. All the service providers at the facility have access depending on their clearance level to access and query the databases depending on the information required (Burke, 2010). The system has three key classes of stakeholders. The first one is the